Ridge augmentation is a must for dental implants with bone loss, especially if you’re concerned about the longevity and stability of your implants due to bone density issues.
If you want to know how to make your dental implants last a lifetime, you need to understand ridge augmentation.
What is Ridge Augmentation?
Ridge augmentation is a surgical procedure that rebuilds the alveolar ridge of the jaw after tooth loss or extraction. It involves placing bone graft material to increase bone volume , providing a stable foundation for dental implants. Autogenous bone grafts are considered the gold standard due to their biocompatibility and regenerative properties, with a typical healing period of 4-6 months.
Why is Ridge Augmentation Necessary?
Ridge augmentation is necessary for dental implants, especially if bone density is insufficient.
It prevents bone loss, which can occur after tooth extraction or due to periodontal disease.
By restoring the alveolar ridge, it provides a stable foundation for implants for long-term success (1).
The procedure increases osseointegration, the process where the implant integrates with the jawbone by increasing bone volume and density (4).
This integration is key to creating a strong bond between the implant and bone.
This technique, often involving bone grafting, is crucial for ensuring long-term implant success by enhancing osseointegration and stability, especially in cases where bone loss has occurred
Also, ridge augmentation improves aesthetics and function of dental restorations, which is important for front teeth where appearance matters (1).
Patients are more satisfied with immediate-delayed implants due to shorter treatment time and better aesthetics compared to delayed implants (1).
Overall ridge augmentation is key to meeting patient expectations and quality of life.
Techniques for Ridge Augmentation
Horizontal Ridge Augmentation Procedures
Horizontal ridge augmentation is a technique to increase the width of the alveolar ridge, which is necessary for dental implants.
This can be done through:
Bone Grafting: Autogenous bone grafts are the gold standard due to their high success rate in bone regeneration (2).
Ridge Expansion: This involves expanding the ridge to accommodate the implant, which can be done using osteotomes or piezoelectric surgery (3).
Distraction Osteogenesis: This involves gradually increasing the width of the ridge over time, which can be effective for significant width deficiencies (2).
Vertical Ridge Augmentation Procedures
Vertical ridge augmentation is to increase the height of the alveolar ridge, which is necessary for adequate bone support for dental implants.
Techniques:
Onlay Grafting: This involves placing a bone graft on top of the existing ridge to increase its height. Autografts and xenografts are used (3).
Interpositional Grafting: This involves placing a bone graft between the segments of the ridge to increase its height. Useful for anterior maxilla augmentations (2).
Titanium Mesh: Titanium mesh with bone grafts can provide structural support and stability to the augmented ridge (3).
Materials for Ridge Augmentation
Autogenous Bone Grafts
Autogenous bone grafts are the gold standard for ridge augmentation due to high success rate in bone regeneration.
These grafts are from the patient’s own body, usually from the chin, jaw, or hip and are highly biocompatible and less likely to be rejected (4).
Autogenous bone grafts have living cells that promote new bone formation, accelerate healing and provide a stable foundation for future implants (4).
Other Bone Substitutes
Other bone substitutes, like synthetic bone grafts, xenografts and allografts, are also used in ridge augmentation.
Synthetic bone grafts are made from materials like titanium and zirconia, which are biocompatible and can be customised to fit the defect site (2).
Xenografts and allografts from animal and human sources, respectively, are also used but carry higher risk of disease transmission and rejection (3).
| Lloji i materialit | Source | Përfitimet | Potential Risks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autogenous Bone Grafts | Patient’s own body | High biocompatibility, promotes bone regeneration | Morbidity at donor site, limited availability |
| Synthetic Bone Grafts | Biocompatible materials (e.g., titanium, zirconia) | Customizable, no risk of disease transmission | Reduced biological properties |
| Xenografts | Animal sources (e.g., bovine) | High availability, effective scaffold | Risk of disease transmission, immune response |
| Allografts | Human donors | No donor site morbidity, unlimited supply | Potential for immune rejection |
Complications of Ridge Augmentation
Indications for the Procedure
Ridge augmentation is indicated for patients with insufficient bone density, which can be due to various factors such as tooth extraction, periodontal disease or congenital conditions.
The procedure is beneficial for patients seeking dental implants as it provides a stable foundation for the implant and long-term success and aesthetics (4).
Post-operative Care
Post-operative care is key to the success of ridge augmentation procedures.
This includes regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing, manage pain and discomfort and prevent complications such as infection and graft exposure.
A study with monthly recalls for 6 months showed the importance of early detection and intervention to prevent complications (5).
Përfundim & Çështje kryesore
Key-Takeaways:
Ridge augmentation is important for dental implant success by osseointegration and stability.
Horizontal and vertical augmentation techniques are used to increase bone volume and density.
Autogenous bone grafts and synthetic substitutes are the common materials used in ridge augmentation.
Postoperative care is key to preventing complications and success.
konkluzioni:
Ridge augmentation is part of dental implantology, addressing the issue of insufficient bone density for implants.
By knowing the importance, techniques, and materials of ridge augmentation, patients and healthcare providers can have successful implant outcomes, aesthetics, and function.
FAQ
Referencat
Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Coulthard P, et al. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in fresh extraction sockets. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(3):CD005968.
Neni: Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in fresh extraction socketsPanchal M, Khare S, Khamkar P, et al. Dental implants: A review of types, design analysis, materials, additive manufacturing methods, and future scope. J Dent Sci. 2022;17(1):1-10.
Neni: Dental implants: A review of types, design analysis, materials, additive manufacturing methods, and future scopeLindeboom JA, Frenken JW, Dubois L, et al. Immediate hollow versus solid screw implants augmented with bone graft in the extracted socket of hemisected mandibular molars: Clinical and radiographic study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014;72(9):1640-1648.
Neni: Immediate hollow versus solid screw implants augmented with bone graft in the extracted socket of hemisected mandibular molars: Clinical and radiographic studyAlbrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, et al. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986;1(1):11-25.
Neni: The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of successBuser D, Sennerby L, De Bruyn H. Modern implant dentistry based on osseointegration: 50 years of progress, current trends and open questions. Periodontol 2000. 2017;73(1):7-21.
Neni: Modern implant dentistry based on osseointegration: 50 years of progress, current trends and open questions
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